About
Yet another Aikido dictionary, as they say. If you spot an error or wish to help with compiling the dictionary, please drop me a line at jarno at elovirta dot com; see the TODO list for more info.
The dictionary is available in Finnish; the kanjis are also available as an XML External Entity file entities.ent. If you'd like to reuse the dictionary e.g. in your own site, please contact for the orinal XML source.
Dictionary
a b c d e f g h i j k m n o r s t u w y z
| Romaji | Kanji | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | |||
| abara | The ribs | ||
| agatsu | |||
| ago | Jaw | ||
| ai | 合 | ||
| aihanmi | 相半身 | ||
| aiki | 合気 | ||
| aiki bujutsu | 合気武術 | ||
| aikido | 合気道 | The way of harmony with ki | |
| aikidoka | 合気道家 | aikido practitioner | |
| aikikai | 合気会 | See zaidan hojin aikikai | |
| aikiotoshi | 合気落し | entering more deeply and picking up uke's off-side leg | |
| aiki seishin | |||
| aite | |||
| amaterasu o mi kami | |||
| arigato | 有難う | Thank you (informal) | |
| arigato gozaimashita | 有難うございました | Thank you [for something that has just ended] | |
| arigato gozaimasu | 有難うご座います | Thank you [for something that is happening] | |
| ashi | Leg | ||
| ashikubi | Ankle | ||
| asoko | Over there | ||
| atama | Head | ||
| atemi | 当て身 | Strike to a vital point of the body | |
| atemiwaza | 当て身技 | Techniques to strike a vital point | |
| ato | Move back | ||
| aum | |||
| awase ho | |||
| ayumi ashi | |||
| b | |||
| bokken | 木剣 | Wooden sword | |
| bokuto | 木刀 | Wooden sword | |
| bu | 武 | Martial | |
| budo | 武道 | Martial way | |
| bujutsu | 武術 | ||
| buki no waza | |||
| bushi | 武士 | ||
| bushido | 武士道 | way of the warrior | |
| c | |||
| chi | |||
| chikara | |||
| chokkaku | Right angles | ||
| chokusen | A straight line | ||
| chototsu | Atemi point between the eyes | ||
| chudan | 中段 | Middle; Middle kamae, sword in middle, seigan is a chudan gamae. | |
| chudan tsuki | 中段突き | A punch to the abdominal region | |
| d | |||
| dai | |||
| daitai | The thigh | ||
| dan | More advanced grades, from 1 to 10: shodan , nidan , sandan , yondan , godan , rokudan , nanadan , hachidan , kudan , judan | ||
| de ai | |||
| DEGUCHI Wanisaburo | |||
| den | |||
| denko | Atemi point at the floating ribs | ||
| do | |||
| dojo | 道場 | Lit. "way place" | |
| dojocho | "Leader" of a dojo | ||
| dokko | Pressure point behind the ear | ||
| domo | どうも | thanks (informal) | |
| domo arigato | どうも有難う | Thank you (formal) | |
| domo arigato gozaimashita | どうも有難うございました | Thank you very much [for something that has just ended] (very formal) | |
| domo arigato gozaimasu | どうも有難うご座います | Thank you very much [for something that is happening] (very formal) | |
| dori | 取り | hold | |
| doshu | 道主 | Head of the way (currently UESHIBA Moriteru, grandson of O Sensei) | |
| dozo | どうぞ | Please go ahead | |
| e | |||
| edo | |||
| embu | demonstration | ||
| embu gi | Demonstration uniform. | ||
| empi | elbow | ||
| entenjizui | Moving and turning freely | ||
| eri | 襟 | Lapel; collar | |
| eridori | 襟取り | hold from the collar | |
| f | |||
| fudoshin | 不動心 | immovable mind | |
| fukushidoin | |||
| fukushiki kokyu | Abdominal breathing | ||
| fukuto | Atemi point just above inside of knee | ||
| funakogi undo | 舟漕ぎ運動 | rowing exercise | |
| furi kaburi | |||
| futaridori | |||
| futomani | |||
| g | |||
| gamae | 構 | ||
| ganmen | 顔面 | The face | |
| ganseki otoshi | Arm bar with elbow braced over shoulder | ||
| gassho | |||
| gasshuku | |||
| gedan | 下段 | low; lower level, sword pointed down. | |
| gedantsuki | downward punch | ||
| gekon | pressure point below lower lip | ||
| genshin | intuition | ||
| gi | 着 | uniform | |
| giri | 義理 | duty | |
| go | 五 | Five | |
| godan | 五段 | ||
| gokoku | pressure point in fleshy area between thumb and forefinger | ||
| gokyo | 五教 | 5. principle = kuji-osae | |
| gokyu | 五級 | ||
| gomen nasai | Excuse me, I'm sorry | ||
| gyaku | Reverse, opposite, inverted | ||
| gyakuhanmi | 逆半身 | ||
| gyaku te | |||
| gyakutedori | To grasp with one's hand reversed; to grasp and opponents right wrist with your left hand | ||
| gyakuuchi | Any reverse strike | ||
| gyakuyokomenuchi | 逆横面打ち | ||
| gyakuzuki | Punching with the rear hand | ||
| garami | An entanglement | ||
| h | |||
| hachi | 八 | Eight | |
| hachidan | 八段 | ||
| hachi no ji | |||
| hai | はい | yes | |
| haishin undo | |||
| haishu | Back of the hand | ||
| haito | Ridgehand | ||
| haiwan | Back of forearm | ||
| hajime | 始め | start | |
| hakama | 袴 | split skirt, wide legged pants. | |
| haku ryoku | |||
| hakyo | 8. principle = kote-ori-kakae-kimi, kujidori = Nikyo in which his elbow is in your armpit and his hand is pulled forward; Pinning their hand with your foot | ||
| hanashiwaza | Techniques from escaping from holds; also known as hazushi-waza | ||
| handachi | 半身半立ち | ||
| hanmi | 半道 | half forward stance | |
| hanmihandachi | one person standing, one person sitting | ||
| handachiwaza | 半身半立ち技 | one person standing, one person sitting techniques | |
| hanshi | Highest title from ZNKR, must be 55 or older and 8 dan. | ||
| hantai | The other way around | ||
| hantaini | In the opposite direction | ||
| happo | 八方 | The eight sides; in all directions | |
| happobaraki | To be totally aware of ones surroundings | ||
| hara | 腹 | the abdomen, stomach | |
| hara de kangaeru | |||
| hasso | 八相 | Figure 8 stance, sword by side of head. Usually hassohidari, sword on right, left foot forward. | |
| hayaku | quickly | ||
| heiko | Parallel | ||
| henka waza | Varied technique. Especially beginning one technique and changing to another in mid-execution | ||
| hera | Peg in back of hakama. | ||
| hidari | 左 | left | |
| hidarihanmi | 左半身 | hanmi stance with left foot in the front | |
| hiji | 肘 | Elbow | |
| hijidori | 肘取り | Elbow grab | |
| hijizume | Atemi point on inside of elbow | ||
| hikari | |||
| hiki | pull; tug | ||
| hineri | A twist | ||
| hishigi | |||
| hitai | Forehead | ||
| hito | |||
| hitoemi | Equal stance, feet parallel forward Blending with motion of attack | ||
| hitori waza | "invisible partner practice" | ||
| hiza | |||
| ho | |||
| hoko | |||
| hombu dojo | 本部道場 | ||
| i | |||
| iaido | 居合道 | The Japanese art of drawing the sword. The sword is drawn directly into an attacking movement then returned to the scabbard. | |
| iai goshi | Hips lowered, stable position. | ||
| iai hiza, tate hiza | Kneeling on one calf. | ||
| iaito | 居合刀 | A dull sword used in practicing iaido. | |
| ibuki | A breathing method featuring a long exhalation, followed by a short cough to clear lungs | ||
| ichi | 一 | One | |
| ichimonji | A straight line | ||
| ido | Movement | ||
| idori | Techniques practiced from seiza | ||
| iie | No | ||
| ikkini | In one breath; instantly | ||
| ikkyo | 一教 | 1. principle = oshi taoshi, ude osae | |
| ikkyu | 一級 | ||
| ima | Now | ||
| in | |||
| inibuki | Internal (quiet) breathing | ||
| ippangeiko | 一半芸子 | ||
| ipponken | An one-knuckle fist | ||
| irimi | 入り身 | Entering | |
| irimi issoku | |||
| iriminage | 入り身投げ | Entering throw ("20 year technique") | |
| izanagi no kami | |||
| izanami no kami | |||
| j | |||
| jinchu | Pressure point on upper lip below nose | ||
| jinja | |||
| jinkaikyusho | Vital points on the human body | ||
| jintai | The body | ||
| jiyuwaza | 自由技 | Free-style practice of techniques, usually a set of attacks or techniques. It is different from Randori where everything is allowed. | |
| jo | 杖 | Short staff | |
| jodan | 上段 | High; Upper level, sword above head. Usually hidari jodan, left foot forward. | |
| jodantsuki | Upper strike | ||
| jodori | |||
| joseki | 上関 | ||
| joseki ni rei | Bow to the high section of the dojo | ||
| jo waza | |||
| ju | 十 | Ten | |
| judan | 十段 | ||
| judo | 柔道 | ||
| juizo | The kidney area | ||
| jujigarami | 十字柄み | Arm entwining throw ("No. 10 throw", since the arms form the japanese sign for 10 "+". arms crossed, elbows locked) | |
| jujinage | 十字投げ | See jujigarami | |
| jujutsu | 柔術 | ||
| junchu | Atemi point on the upper lip | ||
| k | |||
| kaeshitsuki | 返し突き | Counter thrust | |
| kaeshiwaza | 返し技 | Counter techniques | |
| kagami | |||
| kaiso | 開祖 | "Owner" of school (organization) eg. Sei Do Kai | |
| kaiten | Rotation | ||
| kaitenjuki | The axis of rotation of a technique | ||
| kaitennage | 回転投げ | Rotary throw. uchikaitennage and sotokaitennage (inside and outside) | |
| kakaedori | |||
| kakarigeiko | 係り芸子 | ||
| kakato | The heel of the foot | ||
| kakuto | Back of the wrist (for a strike) | ||
| kamae | 構え | Posture, stance. | |
| kami | |||
| kamiwaza | |||
| kamiza | 上座 | ||
| kamiza ni rei | Bow to kamiza (gods) | ||
| kan | Intuition | ||
| kancho | "Owner" of school (building, hall) eg. Yugen Kan | ||
| kannagara no michi | |||
| kansetsu waza | 関節技 | Dislocation techniques | |
| kappo | resuscitation | ||
| karame | To tie up; to arrest | ||
| karate | 空手 | ||
| karuigeiko | Light, easy practice | ||
| karuma | like waki gamae, blade horizontal. | ||
| kashakiuchi | Continuous attack | ||
| kashi | Legs | ||
| kashima shinto ryu | |||
| kasumi | Arms crossed over to hide technique (mountain mist). | ||
| kata | 型 | ||
| katadori | 肩取り | Shoulder hold | |
| katagatame | A variation of Kaiten nage where you lock your opponents shoulder and bring him directly to the ground in a lock | ||
| katamewaza | Grappling techniques; consisting of osae waza, kensetsu waza, and shime waza | ||
| katana | 刀 | Japanese long sword | |
| katate | 片手 | One hand | |
| katatedori | 片手取 | One hand holding one hand. | |
| katateryotedori | 片手両手取 | two hands holding one hand. | |
| katateuchi | One-handed strike | ||
| Katori Shinto ryu | 香取神道流 | ||
| katsu hayabi | |||
| katsujin ken | |||
| keichu | Atemi point on back of neck | ||
| keiko | |||
| keiko gi | Practice uniform. | ||
| ken | 剣 | sword | |
| kenjutsu | 剣術 | fencing "the art of the sword" | |
| kenkokotsu | Shoulder blades | ||
| kesa | Lapel / part of monk's costume hanging from left shoulder. | ||
| kesa giri | diagonal cut with a sword | ||
| ki | 気 | ||
| kiai | 気合 | A shout delivered for the purpose of focussing all of one's energy | |
| kichon | 基本 | ||
| kihon | Fundamental | ||
| kihonwaza | Fundamental techniques | ||
| kikan | Trachea | ||
| kiku | Lower | ||
| kime | 決め | ||
| kimono | 着物 | ||
| ki musubi | |||
| kiri | cut | ||
| kiriotoshi | 切り落し | ||
| kiyotsukete | Be careful | ||
| kiza | Kneeling, but up on the toes. | ||
| kobayashi hiroaki | 小林弘明 | ||
| kobayashi morio | 小林保雄 | ||
| kobudo | 古武道 | ||
| kohai | 後輩 | Junior student | |
| kojiki | |||
| koko | Area between thumb and forefinger | ||
| kokoro | 心 | Spirit, will, heart, intuition, mood | |
| kokorogamae | 心構え | Mental attitude | |
| kokutsu | Backward leaning | ||
| kokyu | 呼吸 | breath | |
| kokyudosa | 呼吸動作 | Breath-power movement (from seiza) | |
| kokyu ho | 呼吸法 | morotetori kokyu nage or ryotemochi kokynage ude-oroshi irimi | |
| kokyu nage | 呼吸投げ | Breath throw (There are a zillion of these in Aikido. Most of them just variations of the basic techniques) | |
| kokyu ryoku | |||
| komi | Coming close or drawing near. | ||
| kongo | Blade vertical in front of face. | ||
| koryu | Old style | ||
| kosadori | 交差取り | hand grab (katatedori ai-hanmi) | |
| koshi | 腰 | ||
| koshinage | 腰投げ | Hip throw | |
| koshita | back plate on hakama. | ||
| kotai | |||
| kote | Wrist | ||
| kotegaeshi | 小手返し | Wrist turn-out | |
| kotehineri | 小手ひねり | ||
| kotemawashi | 小手回し | See nikyo | |
| kototama | |||
| koutai | Change | ||
| ku | 九 | ||
| kubi | Neck | ||
| kubinaka | Atemi point at base of skull | ||
| kudan | 九段 | ||
| kuden | |||
| kujiki | Strain | ||
| kukyo | 9. principle = Inverted nanakyo | ||
| kumijo | 組杖 | Staff partnership practices | |
| kumitachi | 組太刀 | Sword partnership practice | |
| kushin | Springing in to attack | ||
| kusshinuke | To dodge an attack | ||
| kyoshi | Middle title from ZNKR, must be 7th dan. | ||
| kyu | 級 | Student grade; Nine | |
| kyudan | 九段 | ||
| kyudo | 弓道 | ||
| kyusho | Vital point on body | ||
| m | |||
| ma ai | 間合い | Combat engagement distance | |
| mae | Forward | ||
| mae geri | |||
| maenosen | Taking the initiative; Attacking the instant your opponent thinks about it | ||
| mae ukemi | 前受身 | ukemi Forward | |
| magatama | |||
| maki | Wrapped around | ||
| maki otoshi | nage ends up down on one knee, having thrown uke over nage's shoulder | ||
| masagatsu | |||
| masakatsu agatsu | 正勝吾勝 | ||
| massugu | Straight ahead | ||
| masurawo | |||
| mata | The thigh; the groin | ||
| matadachi | Split in side of hakama. | ||
| mate | Wait | ||
| mawashi | A turn; a rotation | ||
| mawatte | Turn around | ||
| me | |||
| mei to | |||
| men | 面 | head, face guard | |
| mentsuki | 面突き | ||
| menuchi | 面打ち | Strike to head | |
| michi | |||
| migi | 右 | Right | |
| migihammi | 右半身 | ||
| mikazuki | Atemi at corner of jaw | ||
| mimi | Ears | ||
| misogi | purification ceremony | ||
| mochi | |||
| moku roku | A catalog of techniques | ||
| mokuso | Close the eyes, meditation Meditation | ||
| mon | Family crests on uniform | ||
| montsuki | Wide sleaved top with mon on chest, sleeve and back. | ||
| moroha zukuri | |||
| morote | Both hands | ||
| morotedori | 諸手取り | See katateryotedori | |
| mu | |||
| mudansha | Members with kyu grades | ||
| mukozune | Atemi point in middle of shin | ||
| munamoto dori | |||
| mune | Chest | ||
| mune dori | One or two hand lapel hold. | ||
| munen mushin | Striking without conscience | ||
| munen muso | 無念無想 | The goal of zazen | |
| munetsuki | 胸突き | Thrust toward knot on obi | |
| murasame | Pressure points on each side of neck behind collar bone | ||
| mushin, mujushin | |||
| musubi | Ending, conclusion, union | ||
| n | |||
| nagare | |||
| nagashi | Flow | ||
| nagashi waza | Flowing from one technique to next | ||
| nage | Doer of the technique (defender) | ||
| naike | Pressure point on inside of ankle | ||
| naka | Center | ||
| nakaima | |||
| naka ni | To the center | ||
| nanadan | 七段 | ||
| nanakyo | 7. principle = Yonkyo applied to back of wrist | ||
| naname | Diagonal | ||
| ne waza | Grappling techniques | ||
| ni | 二 | Two | |
| nidan | 二段 | ||
| nigen | |||
| nikkyu | 二級 | ||
| nikyo | 二教 | 2. principle = kote mawashi, kotemaki | |
| ninindori | |||
| ninjo | What you have to do | ||
| no | の | Possessive particle of speech | |
| nobashi | Stretched out | ||
| nogare | Breathing method featuring long exhalation with sharp gasp | ||
| nuki | Pull | ||
| nukite | Ends of stiffened fingers | ||
| o | |||
| obi | 帯 | Belt (White belt , Black belt | |
| oitsuki | A step-punch | ||
| oji | A response | ||
| oji waza | To block and then counterattack | ||
| okugi | |||
| omote | 表 | Front | |
| omote waza | Techniques that are revealed to the public | ||
| omoto kyo | |||
| onegaishimasu | お願いします | Please (when asking for something, usually as in Please lets practice together) | |
| osae | Press; push; to immobolize | ||
| osae waza | Pinning techniques. | ||
| o sensei | 大先生 | Great Teacher, UESHIBA Morihei | |
| otagai ni rei | Bow to each other | ||
| otoshi | 落 | Dropping | |
| oyowaza | |||
| r | |||
| randori | 乱取り | Free style | |
| rei | Bow | ||
| reigan | |||
| reigi | Etiquette; also reishiki | ||
| reishiki | See reigi | ||
| reigi saho | |||
| renshi | Title bestowed from ZNKR in addition to Dan ranks. | ||
| renshu | Hard work on basics | ||
| renzoku | |||
| ritsurei | A standing bow | ||
| ritsuzen | Standing meditiation | ||
| rokkyo | 6. principle = hijikimeosae or wakikatame or udehishigi | ||
| rokkyu | 六級 | ||
| roku | 六 | Six | |
| rokudan | 六段 | ||
| rokyu | 六級 | ||
| ryokata dori | 両肩取り | Grabbing both shoulders. | |
| ryote dori | 両手取り | Two hands holding two hands. | |
| ryu, ryugi, ryuha | |||
| s | |||
| sabaki | Body motion | ||
| saho | The left direction | ||
| san | 三 | Three | |
| sandan | 参段；三段 | ||
| sangen | |||
| sankaku | Triangle | ||
| sankyo | 三教 | 3. principle = kote hineri, shibori-kime | |
| sankyu | 三級 | ||
| sannindori | |||
| sarutahiko o kami | |||
| satori | Enlightenment | ||
| satsujin ken | |||
| sayu | |||
| seigan | Natural step, fundamental kamae. | ||
| seikatanden | Lower abdomen | ||
| seiken | Front of fist | ||
| seikichu | The spine | ||
| seiza | 正座 | Kneeling on both calves. | |
| semete | Attacker | ||
| sempai | 先輩 | Senior student | |
| sen | The initiative; also 1000 | ||
| senaka | The back of the body | ||
| senjutsu | Tactics | ||
| sennosen | Seizing initiative just as opponents initiates attack | ||
| sensei | 先生 | Instructor | |
| sensei ni rei | Bow to sensei | ||
| sente | The person who takes the initiative | ||
| shichidan | 七段 | ||
| shichikyu | 七級 | ||
| shichi; nana | 七 | Seven | |
| shidoin | |||
| shihan | A senior teacher, properly used within the school only, when outside, use sensei | ||
| shiho | |||
| shiho nage | 四方投げ | Four direction throw | |
| shikaku | |||
| shiki | Ceremony, style, form | ||
| shikko | 膝行 | On one's knees | |
| shime | |||
| shimoseki | 下関 | ||
| shimoza | 下座 | ||
| shin | |||
| shinai | Bamboo sword | ||
| shinden | |||
| shingon mikkyo | |||
| shinken | |||
| shinken shobu | |||
| shinshin | Mind and body | ||
| shinshin shugyo | Mind and body training | ||
| shinshin toitsu | Mind and body unified | ||
| shintai | The body | ||
| shinto | |||
| shinzen ni rei | Bow to shrine | ||
| shita | Down | ||
| shita hara | Lower abdomen | ||
| shitano | Of the lower part | ||
| shi waza | A counter technique | ||
| shi; yon | 四 | A (samurai) person; Four | |
| shizoku | Safe spot | ||
| sho | Small | ||
| shodan | 初段 | ||
| shomen | 正面 | Face Straight ahead | |
| shomen kiri | 正面斬 | ||
| shomenuchi | 正面打ち | Overhead strike to the head. | |
| shoshin | Beginners mind | ||
| shuchu | Concentration | ||
| shugeki | Attack | ||
| shugyo | Training, pursuit of knowledge | ||
| shuhai | Back of the hand | ||
| shumatsu dosa | |||
| shuto | Edge of hand | ||
| sode | Sleeve Sleeve, on practice top. | ||
| sode dori | Sleeve grab | ||
| sojutsu | |||
| soke | Head of style (actually head of family, unifier of gods and lineage) | ||
| sokei | Groin | ||
| soko | There, that position | ||
| sokuso | Tips of toes (for kicking) | ||
| sokutei | Bottom of heel | ||
| sokuto | Edge of foot | ||
| sotai | |||
| soto | outside | ||
| suburi | 素振り | ||
| sudori | Momentum | ||
| sukashiwaza | Techniques performed without allowing the attacker to complete a grab or to initiate a strike. | ||
| suki | 隙 | An opening for an attack | |
| sukui | Scooping | ||
| sumigaeshi | corner throw | ||
| sumimasen | 済みません | excuse me (to attract attention) | |
| sumiotoshi | 角落し | Corner drop | |
| susa no wo no mikoto | |||
| sutemi waza | a technique accomplished by sacrificing your body | ||
| suwari | 座り | ||
| </ | |||